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Spring 2008 - Presentations
Check this page periodically to learn about the Presentations
scheduled for the Fall meeting.
Please Note: This is a only a listing of the presentations and
UNLESS NOTED, DOES NOT IMPLY THE ORDER IN WHICH THEY WILL BE PRESENTED.
- Opening Session
- Mini-Expo Vendors
- Subcommittee A - Cable Construction and Design
- Monday,
March 10, 2008, 2:00-5:30 PM
- 2:00 - 2:10 PM -
Subcommittee
Business/Announcements, John T. Smith, III, General Cable - Chair
- 2:10-2:38 PM -
"Presentation on the subject: PD On-line, a modern
diagnostic tool for underground power cables”, Willem Boone and Fred
Steennis, KEMA
Abstract: In this presentation information is given, after an
introduction about the general options of on-line and off-line
diagnostic testing, on the principles and the first results of a new and
unique on-line partial discharge (PD) based diagnostic system for
medium-voltage power cables. This detection system enables monitoring of
the condition of complete cable connections up to several kilometers in
length over a long period of time. It allows locating the weak spots
along the cable connection and identifying the development over time for
each individual location. The system, called PD-OL (PD On-line with
Location), covers the complete process from on-line measurement to
centralized data processing and obtaining appropriate recommendations
regarding all the cable connections monitored. This presentation
discusses the various principles behind both the measurement technique
and the centralized data processing. Furthermore, the experience and
results obtained from various pilots with field installations are
presented. These results show the functioning of the system, together
with its broad applicability.
- 2:38 - 3:06 PM -
“Three Decades of Cable Failure Data”, Thomas
Campbell, Consolidated Edison Company
Abstract: Consolidated Edison (ConED) has been collecting cable fault
data since 1976, compiling this data in their Cable and Joint Analysis
Control (CAJAC) system. The CAJAC system provides the ability to track
trends in failure mechanisms for a variety of primary cable designs and
materials on the Con Edison distribution system. This presentation will
delve into the categorizing of failure mechanisms and compare failure
types and rates for PILC and solid dielectric cables. Dispersion, the
variation of electromagnetic propagation velocity with frequency, occurs
in shielded power cable as a result of the frequency dependent
dielectric properties of the semiconducting layers.
- 3:00 - 3:30 PM - Break
- 3:30 - 3:58 PM -
"Statistical and mathematical models for life
prediction”, Dr. George Anders, F.IEEE, Kinectrics Inc.
Abstract: This presentation will include an overview of selected
statistical methods and models commonly used in reliability engineering.
Description of the methods will be focused on:
• The technical merit of each described method
• Discussion of suitability of each method for modeling of maintenance
policies
• Discussion of suitability of each method for determining the end of
life of power equipment.
Two types of methods will be reviewed and discussed: statistical methods
and mathematical models. Statistical methods covered in this
presentation will include:
1. Methods based on the analysis of historical data
• Weibull analysis
• Lognormal analysis
• Kaplan-Meier survival estimation
• Life-table method
• Crow-AMSAA-Duane reliability growth method
2. Methods based on mathematical models
• Deterministic models
• Markov model of equipment deterioration
• Other models
Application of the methods discussed will be illustrated with numerical
examples based on data available to the author. The presentation will
focus on practicality of each method with illustrative examples.
- 3:58 - 4:26 PM -
“Applying AIEC CG 12--Adapting
Strategies to Reduce the Ownership Cost of Medium Voltage Cable Systems”,
Dennis Wedam and Brieana Reed-Harmel, PacifiCorp
Abstract: Cost is often a prohibitive concern in upgrading an
underground cable system from a direct-buried, structured system to an
all-conduit system. However, with good design and crew-tooling, the
initial utility cost for a direct-buried system and conduit system are
equal. Further, a long-term economic model shows that the maintenance
cost of an integrated cable system with properly selected structures,
training, and tooling may actually be less than that of a direct-buried
system. Publication CG 12 provides guidelines on minimizing the cost of
cable in new installations. CG 12 discusses cost-effective tactics for
selecting insulating materials, reducing the volume of insulating
materials, and determining the appropriate type and quantity of metal
required for the installation. These savings offset the extra cost of
underground structures in all-conduit systems. The line extension
policy, customer’s requirements, government ordnances, electrical safety
codes and local environment can provide innovative opportunities for
reducing ownership cost. For example, tariffs in some states require
that the developer pays for or provides at his cost the structures for
the cable system. By transferring structure requirements to the
developer, the utility’s logistics and procurement costs are lowered,
while turn-over time generally increases. Other gains are realized by
managing material waste, including using larger reels with greater
volume and updating material-handling equipment. Recapturing metals at
the end of the cable life can help offset rising metal costs. These and
other cost-saving principals detailed in CG 12 for cable and applied to
the entire underground provide the best returns of economy, reliability,
and safety in all-conduit systems.
- 4:26 - 4:54 PM -
“Severe Degradation of the Conductor Screen of
Service and Laboratory Aged Medium Voltage XLPE Insulated Cables and
Cable Models”, Sverre Hvidsten, Sintef Energy Research (Norway),
Stine Kvande, Nowegian University of Science and Technology (Norway),
Karl-Michael Jäger, Borealis AB, Sweden - Presentation by Sverre Hvidsten, Sintef
Energy Research (Norway)
Abstract: The main purpose of this work is to show the strong
correlation between corrosion of the metallic aluminium conductor and
the formation of interconnected cracks / voids in the conductor screen,
creating initiation sites for vented water trees in service aged medium
voltage XLPE cables. Also laboratory model systems have been examined.
The results show that porous structures in the conductor screen
previously reported for laboratory aged insulation systems (called
Stress Induced Electrochemical Degradation, SIED) also develop in the
conductor screen in service aged medium voltage XLPE cables. These
structures can bridge the screen and serve as path for contaminants and
corrosion products from the aluminum conductor and initiate water trees.
A prerequisite for the formation of such structures is the presence of
liquid water at the interface between the conductor and conductor screen
causing corrosion. The initiation site of such structures has been
identified, and is likely caused by environmental stress cracking (ESC).
Initiation sites were determined in all cables examined, but porous
structures in the conductor screen were only observed in the cable
suffered from service failure, where liquid water had entered the cable
conductor between the strands. Severe degradation of the XLPE insulation
was observed within the initiation sites for water trees growing from
these structures. Studies from laboratory scale systems using
accelerated SIED tests indicate that optimization of the material
characteristics can have a significantly influence on SEID formation. A
practical implementation of this is that it is very important that no
water enters the strands (e.g. after an insulation failure or external
damage) as this will limit the service lifetime strongly. Therefore,
such risk will be minimized by using swelling powder or other filling
compounds between the conductor strands. However, the effect of such
powder on the corrosion and eventual initiation of cracks needs to be
further examined.
- 4:54 - 5:22 PM -
“Shorter Duration Accelerated
Cable Tests for High-Performance TR-XLPE Insulations", Timothy J
Person, The Dow Chemical Company
Abstract: Time-to-failure tests and fixed-time aging tests have become
common practice as elements of performance assessment for a material
system of cable insulations and extruded shields. However,
high-performance insulations such as TR-XLPE typically require test
durations of over one year in accelerated cable lifetime tests (ACLT)
for 15kV cables. Similar durations are required in material
qualification testing by fixed-time methods such as the accelerated
water treeing test (AWTT). These times are viewed as much too long for
purposes of screening the performance of new high-performance insulation
materials. The results of an investigation using lifetime and fixed-time
cable tests under elevated stress conditions will be discussed as it
pertains to the assessment of high-performance TR-XLPE materials.
- Subcommittee B - Accessories
- Tuesday, March 11, 2008, 2:00 - 5:30 PM
- 2:00-2:10 PM –
Introduction/Announcements,
Tom Champion, NEETRAC - chair
-
2:10-2:40 PM -
“The Use of Sheath Sectionalizers (Open Circuit Sheath) to maintain the
Ampacity of Cable Systems with Separated Phases”, Frank Di Guglielmo,
PE, Public Service Electric and Gas Co.
Abstract: 1.) Induced Current or Voltage on Cable Shields 2.) Effects on
Cable Ampacity 3.) Short Circuited, Open Circuited and Cross Bonded Shields
4.) Formulas for calculating Sheath Voltages and Currents (IEEE Guide
575-1988, Withdrawn) 5.) Rules of Thumb 6.) Conclusions 7.) Questions
Frank Di Guglielmo received is Bachelor of Science Degree in Electrical
Engineering, Power Option, from Drexel University in 1970. He is presently
pursuing a Master of Engineering Management at New Jersey Institute of
Technology. He is a Registered Professional Engineer in the Commonwealth of
Pennsylvania. He has been employed at Public Service Electric and Gas
Company (PSE&G) in New Jersey as a Supervising Engineer for the past eight
years, working in both the transmission and distribution engineering
departments. Prior to working at PSE&G he spent almost 29 years at
Philadelphia Electric Company as a Senior Engineer in the underground T&D
equipment group and in the Methods and Training group. He has been a member
of IEEE and PES since 1969 and ICC since 1990 where he is Vice-Chair for
IEEE Standard 404 for Medium and High Voltage Joint Qualification. He is
PSE&G’s member on the Association of Edison Illuminating Companies’ (AEIC)
Cable Engineering Committee (CEC), and on the Northeast Underground
Committee, where he is a past Chairman.
-
2:40-3:10 PM -
“Introduction To Arc-Flash Hazard Requirements”, Philip Cox, PE,
Memphis Light, Gas And Water
Abstract: This will be a introduction to Arc-Flash Hazards and the
requirements of NFPA 70E: Standard for Electrical Safety in the
Workplace and methods of calculation by IEEE 1584 - Guide for Performing
Arc-Flash Hazard Calculations.
Philip Cox was born in Memphis, Tennessee, USA on 3 July 1958. In 1980,
he received a BSEE, with concentration in Clinical (biomedical) and
Power Engineering, from Christian Brothers College (University) in
Memphis. Other education includes courses in computer programming, law
and pre-med. He is a licensed/registered Professional Engineer in
Vermont and Tennessee (USA). He has over 27 years of experience in the
electrical power industry and has held various positions at Memphis
Light, Gas And Water. Experience includes lighting design, power
applications engineering consultation and his current position as
Underground Electric Transmission & Distribution Systems Engineer & Lead
Engineer Of Systems Engineering (MLGW). He has served on various
Insulated Conductor Committee (ICC) working groups as standards/guide
contributing writer, chairman and vice-chairman. He has authored several
papers and presentations for the IEEE-Power Engineering Society.
- 3:10-3:40 PM -
“National Cable Splicing
Certification Board (NCSCB) Update”, Mike Dyer, Salt River Project (SRP).
Abstract: An update will be given on the status of work being performed
by the National Cable Splicing Certification Board (NCSCB) including
efforts to establish a nationally recognized certification program,
information on knowledge areas covered, results of test efforts to date,
and future test schedules.
Mr. Dyer is an Executive Engineer at SRP responsible for T&D materials
and methods. He is a professional engineer (PE) in electrical
engineering in the state of Arizona, a voting member of ANSI C2 NESC
Sub. 7 on Underground Lines, a voting member of ANSI C119 on connectors,
Subcommittee Chair of the Engineering and Structures group within the
Western Underground Committee, an engineering board member of the
National Cable Splicing Certification Board, a voting member of ICC and
AEIC, and author or coauthor of various technical papers on related
engineering subjects. He is a graduate of the University of Illinois.
- 3:40-4:00 PM - Break
-
4:00-4:30 PM -
“When Good Limiters Go Bad”, Tim McLaughlin, Tyco Electronics
Abstract: Improved designs of limiters are needed to speed up the
process of troubleshooting open secondary mains. Blown limiters need to
be identified quicker and without the application of time consuming
testing techniques. Quicker identification of blown limiters in crab
joints will lead to reduced risk of outage due to unknown mains
conditions and reduced customer restoration time. A “Smart Limiter” will
also reduce the amount of man-hours required to find, identify and
repair blown limiters. I will discuss the following: 1.) Construction
2.) Where limiters are installed and why 3.) Are they doing their job?
4.) Options 5.) Conclusions 6.) Questions
Tim McLaughlin has earned his Bachelor of Science Degree in Human
Resource Management as well as a Masters Degree in Sales and Marketing
and a 2nd Masters Degree in Engineering Management.. He has been
employed at Tyco Electronics in North Carolina as a Sr. Product
Specialist for the past 3 years, working on underground cable
accessories. Prior to working at Tyco Electronics, he spent almost 20
years at Public Service Electric and Gas Company in NJ; 14 years as a
cable splicer and 6 years as a standards engineer. He has been a member
of IEEE, PES and ICC since 1998.
-
4:30-5:00 PM -
“Computation of PD Magnitudes using 3D Finite Element Analysis”, Jim
Jun Guo and Steven Boggs Electrical Insulation Research Center
University of Connecticut, Tom Campbell Distribution Engineering
Consolidated Edison of New York
Abstract: Partial discharge magnitudes from cavities and tracks can be
predicted by computing the change in capacitance caused by the discharge
using finite element analysis. However, introduction of a defect into
most 2-D geometries results in a 3-D geometry, so that such prediction
requires 3D FEA which has only recently become practical. This approach
to predicting PD magnitudes is demonstrated by evaluating PD magnitudes
caused by tracking along interfaces in a separable connector, parts of
which are inherently 3-D, even without the track. We have carried out
measurements which confirm the computational predictions.
Steve Boggs received his Ph.D. in physics from the University of
Toronto, worked 12 years for Ontario Hydro research, 6 years for USi,
and for the past 13 years has been Director of the Electrical Insulation
Research Center at the University of Connecticut.
-
5:00-5:30 PM -
“AEIC Reduced Diameter Effect on Cable Accessories”, Harry Yaworski,
Tyco Electronics Energy Division
Abstract: The concern within the utilities is that cable manufacturers
are requesting that the AEIC adopt the manufacturers new cable diameters
that would cause the overall cable diameters used by the industry to
fall below current allowed minimums. There are also cables being
designed to a voltage stress level of approximately 2.7kV per
millimeter. Many traditional pre-molded splices are designed to a
maximum voltage stress of 2.4 kV per millimeter. • Higher electrical
stress at semicon cut/ stress cone region in all terms and splices •
Lower electrical stress at edge of faraday cage and/or stress control
tube in splices • Less compressive force on low end of use range on
terms and splices (premolded splices and terms are especially
susceptible considering their use range) • No effect on electrical
stress in primary insulation of splices • Reduced jacket diameter could
enhance the upper use range of some HS splice kits considering that the
jacket diameter is the limiting factor for storing tubes
Harry Yaworski received his BS degree in physics in 1984 from Moravian
College in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. From 1984 to 1992 he worked as a
Product Development Engineer and Engineering Manager for Elastimold. He
joined Raychem in 1992 as a Project Manager and is currently the Cable
Accessories Manager for the Tyco Electronics Energy Division. His areas
of expertise include the invention, development and design of power
cable accessories and computer analysis of electric fields. He holds
twelve US patents for cable accessories and surge arrester products.
- Subcommittee C - Cable Systems
- Tuesday, March 11, 2008, 8:00 AM - 12:00 PM
- 8:00-8:05 AM - Chairman's
Opening Remarks, Ted Nishioka, Arizona Public Service
- 8:05-8:45 AM -
“Laboratory Study of VLF (Very Low Frequency)
Withstand Techniques”, J Altamirano, TM Andrews, RN Hampton* NEETRAC
Abstract: VLF Withstand tests are widely used diagnostics for installed
cable systems. The details and background of these tests are described
in IEEE400.2. Utility reports indicate that this technique provides
improvements in cable system reliability. However, a number of issues
are topics of ongoing discussion such as: · Selection of the appropriate
test voltage as there are concerns that the presently used values may
degrade healthy cable systems · Selection of the optimum time for test
(IEEE400.2 recommends 30 minutes, within a range of 15 to 60 minutes)
The work reported here has taken six identical lengths (280 ft) of field
aged cables (1973, XLPE 15 kV) and subjected them to a range of
withstand test (0.1 Hz (VLF) and 60 Hz) voltages (2.2 to 3.6 Uo) and
times (15 – 120 minutes). The elevated voltage tests were applied four
times over a 12 month period. In between these applications of voltage
the samples were energized at 60Hz at rated voltage. The time of any
failures (on VLF Test or 60Hz ageing) is noted and used as the main
assessment metric. The results indicate: · No failures occurred in the
ageing period. This does not support the conjecture that VLF is
degrading to cable systems · All failures occurred during the elevated
voltage test period · All failures under VLF occurred in the time period
of between 15 and 60 minutes of testing (tests times of 15 to 120
minutes have been used) · The survival rate, at different voltages, of
the service aged cable samples in this study is consistent with the
available Utility VLF test data · The service aged cables used in this
study were shown to have lost a significant degree of their initial AC
withstand performance. The work reported here was supported by the Cable
Diagnostic Focused Initiative (CDFI)
- 8:45-9:25 AM -
“Guide for the selection of AC Transmission
Underground Cable Systems”, John Densley, on behalf of CEATI; Willem
Boone, KEMA
Abstract: As it is usually a complex decision to select the optimum
transmission cable system with respect to technical, economical and
environmental considerations. KEMA was asked by CEATI to prepare a guide
for the selection of underground transmission cables. This guide
contains two main parts.
The first part describes the methodology of the selection process,
consisting of three different steps, of which the assessment of the
conditions and the selection of a cable type are the most important
ones.
The second part of the guide provides relevant information to help the
utility making the right decision for them. The information deals with a
variety of important issues: review of cable types, manufacturers,
operating experience, diagnostic methods, environmental considerations
and costs. Furthermore, information is given on the steps to follow
after the selection process: the preliminary design phase and the
tendering process.
- 9:25-10:05 AM -
“NEPTUNE RTS LAND INSTALLATION EXPERIENCE”,
Nathan Kelley Chief Engineer, High Voltage Systems Prysmian Power Cables
and Systems
Abstract: Between 2005 and 2007, a project was executed under contract
to Neptune RTS, LLC to provide 660 MW of power to Long Island from an
interconnection point in New Jersey. The land cable portion of this
project included almost 13.1 circuit miles of 500kV DC MIND cable, 2.1
circuit miles of 345kV XLPE cables, and 0.5 circuit miles of 230kV XLPE
cables. The routing through extremely congested coastal areas required
horizontal directional drilling in (18) locations to avoid impacts to
major roadways, rivers and other protected wetlands. This presentation
discusses the technical and logistic issues encountered during this
challenging project.
- 10:05-10:30 AM - Break
- 10:30-11:10 AM -
"Distributed Temperature Sensing Applications in
69kV and 230kV SCFF Cables corridors", S. Cherukupalli
Abstract-- This presentation will provide an overview distributed
temperature sensing measurements, the type of equipment, currently
available, and how they may be applied in transmission circuits. It will
discuss the experience at BC Hydro and BCTC on its application to locate
“thermally-limiting” sections in power transmission cable corridors. The
presentation will provide an overview on the installation techniques
that were adopted, the results that were obtained. It will also discuss
the remedial steps that were adopted to mitigate some of these
“thermally limiting” sections and thus restore the cable’s original
ampacity ratings. It will also address a novel DTS application on 525kV
submarine cables.
-
11:10-11:50 AM -
“Condition Assessment of 50kV and 150kV Service Aged Power Cables”, Ed
Gulski, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands Frank Petzold,
SebaKMT, Germany Paul P. Seitz, Seitz Instruments AG, Switzerland Frank de
Vries, Nuon Tecno, The Netherlands
Abstract: In this contribution new experiences made by joint activities
in the Netherlands in the field of condition assessment of service aged 50kV
oil-filled and 150kV gas pressure power cables will be presented. For this
purpose in addition to partial discharges two other non-destructive
diagnostics dielectric losses measurement and return voltage measurement
have been applied on-site to a number of service aged circuits.
Based on the statistical analysis of these data information has been
extracted to experience norms and their confidence bounds. Finally to
support the asset management decision processes condition classification
approach has been proposed.
- 11:50-12:00 Noon - Chairman's Closing Remarks
- Subcommittee D - Station, Control and Utilization Cables
- Monday, March 10, 2008, 9:15 AM - 12:30 PM
- 9:15-9:30 AM -
Subcommittee D Introductory
Business
- 9:30-10:00 AM -
“Mitigating the Effects of
Explosions in Underground Electrical Structures”, W. Z. Black,
School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology
Abstract: Many U.S. utilities have experienced explosions in their
underground transmission and distribution systems. Many of these events
occur as a result of electrical faults in aging underground equipment.
Still more explosions can occur when combustible gases find their way
into underground vaults and manholes or are generated by overheated
polymeric insulation materials. Both of these scenarios can result in
significant property damage, and in rare cases personal injury can
occur. This presentation discusses the events that can lead to an
explosion and assess the effectiveness of several simple and inexpensive
safety devices that can minimize the dangers of explosions in
underground electrical vaults and manholes. The potential mitigation
schemes focus on modification to the design of the vault and
installation of safety devices that can help minimize the severity of
the explosion and help reduce the danger to civilians and work crews in
the vicinity of the event.
- 10:00-10:20 PM -
“Ampacity Testing of Fire Protected Raceways”,
Kent W. Brown, TVA -
Associated Paper
Abstract: This presentation will provide a review of a test program to
determine ampacity derating factors for raceways enclosed in 1- and
3-hour rated barrier systems. The program provided validation of the
methodologies outlined in IEEE 848 for standard raceway configurations
and suggests approaches for identifying bounding test configurations for
certain non-standard applications.
- 10:20-10:30 AM - Coffee/Soda Break by ICC
- 10:30-11:00 AM -
“Heat Flux in Fire Tests”, Javier Trevino,
Intertek
Abstract: This presentation will provide an overview of the basics of
fire test heat transfer (conductive, convective, and radiation), fire
basics (fuel flow, temperature, heat release rate), burner types
(diffuse, pre-mix including examples: Bunsen burner, FT4, P1717,
UL1709), flame impingement versus absorbed heat, radiation and
convective heat transfer in fire tests, furnaces types (open vs.
enclosed), temperature sensor types (open thermocouples, closed
thermocouples, plate thermocouples), heat flux sensors (Gardon, Schmidt
Boelter, Water Calorimeter, Slug, DFT), flame impingement versus
radiation impingement, and the relationship between temperature and heat
flux. The work being performed by Intertek is being done to support the
development of P1717 “Circuit Integrity Testing Using Hydrocarbon Pool
Fire Test Protocol” standard that is currently being developed by WG
D17W.
- 11:00-11:30 AM -
“Recap of December 2007 EPRI Cable Users Group
Meeting”, Robert Konnik, Rockbestos-Surprenant Cable Corp
Abstract: This presentation will briefly recap the technical
presentations of the December 2007 EPRI Cable users group meeting. This
includes a review of LIRA (Line Resonance Analysis) as a fault detection
and condition monitoring tool, NRC Generic Letter 07-01 and review of MV
wet location issues, NRC DG-1132 draft guide for qualification of cables
and splices for nuclear plants, and others.
- Transnational Luncheon
-
Welcome, Willem Boone
-
Calendar of International Events, Willem Boone
-
Cables for the future, perspectives and discussion,
Fredrik Ruter
-
Long Distance Cable systems, Learnings form WET’S
, Frederic Lesur
-
New cable installation technology, used in 132 kV
City Grid Project, Brisbane, Australia, Ken Barber
-
Ongoing (E)HV Cable projects in the Netherlands,
Henk Geene
-
Advances in EHV extruded cables, Pierre Mirebau, Nexans
- Prequalification test of 245 kV Extruded Cable
System with reduced insulation wall thickness, Pierre Argaut - Put
off Until Fall 2008
- Educational Program
- IEEE Presentation on Standards Draft Development
(Editorial) and the Standards Word Template (Style Manual),
presented by Jennie Steinhagen and Lorraine Patsco (IEEE)
- Utility Perspective: Real-Time Thermal Rating
Applications for Underground Cables, presented by Erich Schoennagel
(Centerpont Energy) & Mohammad Pasha (United Illuminating)
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