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- Special Activities
- A2D - Chairman Harry Orton
reports that the following special presentations will be given in Dallas in
the A2D meeting:
- Quality Control of Semiconductive Compound Smoothness, Jan-Ove Bostrom
Abstract: The presentation will propose a definition of defects in
semiconductive compounds and the use of automatic smoothness analyzer for
quality control.
- High Performance Conductor Shield Technology
Overview, Mark Easter, General Cable
Abstract: The paper gives a basic
overview of current high performance conductor shield technology. A review
of the current state of the art is made with reference to key patents and
other literature. The important aspects of performance are reviewed
against some illustrative research electrical data. The paper is intended
to be a brief general overview not an exhaustive research summary.
- WG B7D (suggested
revisions to IEEE Separable Connectors Standard 386).
A discussion group will meet Thursday, September 11, 2003,
2:00 pm - 3:15 pm, State Room 1, Adam’s
Mark Hotel. There will be two topics of discussion
at this meeting. The ANSI Standard C119.1-2002 will be reviewed and Carl
Wentzel will start a discussion on high altitude switching. Please review the recent C119.1-2002 before the meeting if possible
and be prepared to share your comments during the meeting. The comments from
the B7D Group will be forwarded to the ANSI C119.1 committee for their
review. Please bring any notes, comments, or presentations you might have on
high altitude switching to this meeting for discussion. There was an IEEE
Transactions on Power Delivery paper written in 1990 titled Air Density
Influence on the Strength of External Insulation Under Positive Impulses:
Experimental Investigation Up to an Altitude of 3000 m a.s.l. This paper
might help in understanding the effect of switching in high altitudes. The
IEEE Transactions Paper is in Volume 5, No. 2, April 1990. Try to get a copy
of this paper and review it before the meeting. If anyone would be
interested in presenting on high altitude switching at a future meeting,
please call Carl Wentzel at (512) 984-5012. The B16 Working Group not meet
since there is nothing to review for 386 until the standard is balloted.
- WG C18 Chairman Hans Gnerlich has posted
a new draft of IEEE
400.2, Guide for Field Testing of Shielded Power Cable Systems Using Very
Low Frequency (VLF) on the ICC Download site (see the link in the menu
panel to the left). This draft incorporates comments on
draft 9 (which was posted on June 27th) as received from WG members and
other interested parties.
- WG C24 is preparing a guide for Real Time
Rating with Distributed Temperature Monitoring. Chris Grodzinski has
compiled first-cut input from several members and posted it on the ICC Download site (see the link in the menu
panel to the left). Send your comments to Chris at
chrisg@ehvpower.com by August 25th in
order to support the Dallas meeting.
- Subcommittee A - Cable
Construction and Design, Friday, September 12, 2003, 8:00 – 12:15
- 8:00 - 8:20 - Subcommittee Business: Announcements
Serge Pélissou, Hydro-Québec (IREQ) - Chair John Smith III, General
Cable – Vice-Chair
- 8:20 - 8:35 – (to
be announced)
- 8:35 - 8:50 – Usefulness of Original ac Breakdown
Strength of Cables as a Predictor of Accelerated Cable Life Test (ACLT)
Performance
John Smith III, General Cable
Abstract: It has been historically accepted that laboratory-determined ac
breakdown strength of field-aged cables can be used as an adequate predictor
of the remaining, reliable useful life of those field-aged cables. Residual
ac breakdown strength (and the absolute value of that breakdown strength)
after accelerated, long-term cable aging protocols, has also been used as a
means of assessing whether or not one insulation system is of a better
quality (or has the potential for longer life under field service
conditions) than another. These two (2) generally accepted perspectives
could lead to the hypothesis that the original ac breakdown strength
differences between 2 or more insulation systems or types of insulation
systems may also be used as a predictor of life performance in ACLT
protocols. This presentation explores the validity of that hypothesis by
comparing the original (and remaining) ac breakdown strength for several
insulation systems with their corresponding ACLT protocol life estimates.
- 8:50 - 9:05 – A Perspective on 20 yrs of TR-XLPE
Experience
Paul J. Caronia, Tim J. Person, The Dow Chemical Company
Abstract: Since its introduction in the early 1980’s, tree-retardant
crosslinked polyethylene (TR-XLPE) has become the predominant insulation
used for medium voltage underground distribution cables in North America. TR-XLPE
insulation was designed to significantly retard the growth of water trees
and there have now been 20 years experience with TR-XLPE insulated cables
with excellent field performance. Over the years, laboratory testing has
demonstrated the excellent resistance of TR-XLPE against wet-electrical
aging. Accelerated cable testing methods have further proven the performance
enhancement of TR-XLPE in wet environments, such that TR-XLPE performance
remains a benchmark in the industry. Evaluations of field-aged cable
continue to support the performance advantages of TR-XLPE over other
insulation compounds. Cables made with TR-XLPE have been found to retain the
water tree-retardancy after nearly 20 years of service. With a growing
interest in higher operating temperature, TR-XLPE has demonstrated
acceptable retention of electrical and mechanical properties and its
suitability for use at 105°C operating temperature. The performance of TR-XLPE
insulated cables has met the initial expectations such that projections are
being made for TR-XLPE cable life in excess of 40 years..
- 9:05 - 9:20 – Unfilled Flexible Insulation for
Medium Voltage Power Cables: An Update
Larry H. Gross, The Dow Chemical Company
Abstract: The use of an unfilled, flexible tree-retardant crosslinked
polyethylene as a medium voltage insulation product is presented. New data
from production-sourced material confirms the data generated earlier from
the prototype material. Specifically, excellent performance is seen in the
electrical properties. The 120 and 180 day AWTT performance will be reviewed
and shown to be comparable to the prototype performance. The current status
of the ACLT performance data will also be presented. In addition, the
dielectric losses evaluated on production cables are also shown to yield
excellent low losses. The new physical and thermomechanical properties,
including side wall bearing pressures, strip characteristics, and
dissipation factor stability will also be presented and confirm the
acceptability of the new product..
- 9:20 - 9:35 – Basic Concepts
in Crosslinking of Polyethylene
for Power Cable
Applications
Annika Smedberg, Jan Ove Bostrom, Borealis Compounds LLC
Abstract: The network formed in crosslinked polyethylene has been explained
as polymer backbones linked together with bridges formed by decomposition of
peroxide in a crosslinking reaction. This presentation covers a study that
has refined this model and gives a deeper understanding of the character of
the crosslinked network. The study also forms a basis for designing the
polymer to obtain specific properties of advantage for cable applications.
- 9:35 - 9:50 – Trends In Utility Demand for New
Technology In Power Cable
Paul Lorigan, EnerKem Marketing
Abstract: This paper presents the results of an industry wide survey to
assess whether electric utilities currently value new product development
efforts in power cable. The paper details responses in terms of what type of
innovations have value and how cable companies should best be spending their
R & D dollars..
- 9:50 – 10:05 – Manufacturing Medium Voltage Cable
with a Direct Peroxide Injection
Gabriel Matey, Products & Marketing
Abstract: This paper describes the European experience with DPI and the
potential for North America. The process technology is described along with
cable data. Strategies for producing high performing tree retardant grades
are outlined..
- 10:05 - 10:25 – Break
- 10:25 –10:40 –
Advancements In Underground Cable Material And Design Specifications Of The
Largest Rural Electric Co-Ops
Joseph Dudas, Consultant, Ace Necaise, Singing River Electric Power
Assn.
Abstract: This paper discusses the technical advancements in medium voltage
(15-35kV) underground residential distribution (URD) power cable material
and design specifications for the largest rural electric co-ops. The data
was obtained from questionnaire responses furnished by 55 of the largest
electric cooperatives, selected on the number of underground miles
installed. Special attention was given to their specification preferences
for solid or filled conductors, insulation and conductor shield compounds,
extrusion and curing methods, metallic shield type and jacket type and
material. Utilities also provided key information on the number of cable
miles purchased each year, the voltage class and insulation thickness
specified and the percentage of cable direct buried versus installed in
duct. The results provide meaningful information that enables all rural
electric co-ops to compare their medium voltage underground cable
specifications and practices with the largest utilities in their industry..
- 10:40 –10:55 – Condition
of HPFF Pipe Type Spare Cables, After Long-term Storage
Carlos Katz, Cable Technology Laboratories, Edwin Hahn, NY Power
Authority
Abstract: Utilities that install HPFF high voltage cables, require having
spare cables on-hand, for the eventuality that there is a failure on the
operating cable. This requirement is a consequence of the long time
necessary to procure replacement of these cables. Manufacturers specify that
such cables are to be periodically rotated in storage, so that the oil does
not accumulate on the bottom of each turn.
- 10:55 –11:10 –
Comparative Laboratory Evaluation of TR-XLPE and XLPE Cables With
Super-Smooth Conductor Shields
Michael Walker, Center Point Energy, Carlos Katz, Bogdan Fryszczyn,
Cable Technology Laboratories
Abstract: This paper provides data on four commercial tree retardant
crosslinked polyethylenes (TR-XLPE) and one crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE)
insulated 15 kV cables supplied by three manufacturers. The cables have
“super-smooth” conductor shields and “extra-clean” insulation and insulation
shields. AC and impulse voltage breakdown and selected other
characterization data are presented for cables that were aged immersed in
room temperature water (15-30°C) up to 24 months of a planned 48 months
aging program. The five cables have high ac voltage breakdown strength,
three of the TR-XLPE cables, actually increased in breakdown strength during
aging. The one TR-XLPE cable that had the lowest ac voltage breakdown had
vented trees at the insulation shield and high dissipation factor, which the
other cables did not have. The impulse voltage breakdown strength of all
cables decreased during aging; the cable with the lowest ac voltage
breakdown also has the lowest impulse voltage breakdown. The dissimilar
performance of the TR-XLPE cables and the excellent performance of the XLPE
cable indicates further evaluations are required to differentiate between
modern TR-XLPE and XLPE insulated cables.
The following four presentations are a contribution from
Discussion Group A3D, Performance of Extruded Dielectrics, John Densley,
Arborlec Solutions – Chair, Robert Keefe, EPRI – Vice-Chair
- 11:10 –11:25
– Cable Testing Experience at PPL Electric Utilities
John L. Hinkle, PPL Electric Utilities
Abstract: PPL Electric Utilities has approximately 9 million feet of aging,
directly buried, bare concentric neutral 15KV cable in service. Cable
failures have been increasing and up until recently, the fix was to replace
all cable sections in a system where multiple failures have occurred. In
1999, we developed a cable testing and repair initiative where we test the
cable sections in troublesome systems using time domain reflectometry tests
to assess the condition of the bare concentric neutral, and both partial
discharge and power factor or tan delta tests to determine insulation
condition. Test results determine whether a cable is suitable for continued
service, whether it can be silicone injected to extend its life, or whether
it needs to be replaced. Thus, the initiative is improving reliability of
our system at a much lower cost compared to replacement of all cables.
- 11:25 –11:40 – The
Implications of Ground Shield Conductivity under AC and Impulse Conditions
Steven Boggs, EIRC, University of Connecticut
Abstract: This short presentation will review the analytical basis of the
voltage which develops on the ground semicon of a cable as a function of
ground shield conductivity and longitudinal distance to an effective ground
such as a concentric neutral wire, for both AC and surge waveforms. This
will form an introduction for the following two presentations.
- 11:40 –11:55 –
Implications of Cable Semicon Conductivity for Terminations
Milan Uzelac, G&W Electric
Abstract: A section of cable ground shield semicon often forms part of the
electrical configuration of a cable termination. Transient finite element
studies show that under lightning impulse conditions, the conductivity of
the ground shield semicon can cause substantial changes to the field grading
of the termination relative to power frequency, even for semicon
conductivities which are well within the normal range. These studies suggest
that this effect should be controlled either through design of the
termination or, perhaps, through a more stringent lower limit on the
conductivity of the ground shield semiconducting material.
- 11:55 –12:10 –
Experimental Evidence for the Effect of Ground Shield Conductivity on Cable
PD
Bogdan Fryszczyn, Cable Technology Laboratories
Abstract: If the concentric neutral wires of a cable are not in intimate
contact with the ground shield semiconducting layer, a voltage develops
between the semicon and the concentric neutral wires which increases with
longitudinal distance to an effective ground and with reduction in ground
shield semicon conductivity. We present experimental evidence that low
semicon conductivity combined with poor contact to the concentric neutral
wires can cause partial discharge under service conditions. These data
suggest that a more stringent specification for ground shield semicon
conductivity might be advisable.
- 12:10 – 12:15 – Meeting Adjourn Serge Pélissou,
John Smith III
- Subcommittee B -
Accessories
- Subcommittee Business - Gear and
Champion
- Extending the Outage Management System to
Substantially Reduce Customer Minutes of
Electric Service Interruption
Dan Rockwell, Remote Monitoring Systems, Inc.
Abstract: Customer minutes of electric service
interruption are substantially reduced by combination of Outage Management
System (OMS) solutions coupled with efficient and cost effective cable fault
sectionalizing tools. Remote Monitoring Systems demonstrates how existing
investments into OMS can be extended to offer valuable time and cost savings
when sectionalizing primary underground distribution cable circuits.
- A Short History of Underwater Mateable Connectors
And Ancillary Components
Gary Clark; Ocean Design, Inc., Senior Vice President, Oil and Gas
Division
Abstract: This paper reviews the 50-year history of underwater-mateable
connectors and ancillary components. While principally developed for use in
oceanographic research, defense systems, and the offshore oil and gas
industry, these connection systems are also suitable for extreme and
hazardous environments. Simple rubber connectors came first. They were used
for the distribution of electrical signals and low-level power. Although
still in use, these early rubber interference-fit designs have largely been
replaced by more reliable grease-filled and current generation oil-filled
units that permit repeated underwater mating. More demanding high-power
applications stimulated the recent development of MVA rated connectors that
can still be mated/demated in an underwater environment. Fiber-optic
communications systems within these traditional industries, as well as
emerging telecommunications and renewable-energy sectors, have brought new
challenges. Optic and electro-optic connectors with the same challenging
environmental demands for high reliability, high performance and low
maintenance are at the leading edge of present development.
- Defective/Failed Material Analysis and Reporting at
Progress Energy
Tim Robeson, Progress Energy, Carolina Power and Light Co.
Abstract: Do you know the reliability of the material and equipment
you approve for the construction of your transmission or distribution lines?
Do you know the cause of periodic failures? Is it a defect in manufacturing?
Bad design? Installation workmanship? Or act of nature? The answers to these
questions require an on-going system of reporting material defects/failures
and analyzing them to determine the cause of failure. The information from a
tracking system can be fed back to the approval engineer, the manufacturer
or the training supervisor for their appropriate action to improve the
performance/reliability of the material item. The presentation will be an
overview of two computerized defect/failed material systems in place in the
Progress Energy’s Energy Delivery Department that serves the purpose
described above.
- Why Did It Break? A Process To Discovery Presenter
Michael L. Dyer P.E., Executive Engineer, SRP
Abstract: Failed components can tell a story,
provided a process is available for it’s collection and analysis. The depth
& details of the story may depend on the nature of the failure. For example,
if a major outage, injury, fatality or property damage occurred, the details
of the analysis and particularly the documentation may be critical. Although
these cases are rare, the analysis of any failure should be conducted in a
similar fashion, with the goal of determining what happened and what can be
done to prevent future occurrences. This presentation will cover the process
used by SRP with example analysis of various failed components.
- 123kV XLPE Suspension Type Synthetic Termination Development and
Qualification
Pierre Mirebeau and Shotu
Chatterjee, Nexans
Abstract: Synthetic terminations are cost
effective light weight, easy to routine test, easy to install accessories.
However, the reliability of these new accessories must be thoroughly
assessed from mechanical, dielectric and climatic standpoints. The authors
present the development tests that have led to the suspension type
termination design, and the different qualification tests that were
performed during more than 3 years. In the discussion, they propose an
evaluation of the life expectancy of the product.
- Application of Cold Shrink Technology in
Trifurcating Transition Joints
Saleman Alibhay and Gérard Lencot of Pirelli Cable Corporation
Abstract: The first generation of products based
on cold shrink technology have now been improved. This has resulted in a
newly designed cold shrink 1 way / 3 way trifurcating transition joint. This
presentation will describe the new product, covering improvements on
straight-through joints and on the new trifurcating transition joint along
with other new components. Different aspects of the new trifurcating
transition joint will be covered, including design, components (break out
boot, new joint, oil barrier), tests, installation, and performance.
- PD Field Measurements on Cable Accessories Using
Acoustic Emission
Harry Orton, OCEI, Andrew Bannister, David Allan and
David Tuttici, Powerlink
Abstract: Acoustic Emission is investigated as an easy to use diagnostic on
110 kV SCFF power cable. Although acoustic emission is inferior to
electrical methods in sensitivity and range, it is immune to noise and can
plot the position of origin
- Ultrasonic Detection as a Predictive Maintenance
Tool for Cable Accessories
Vern Buchholz, Powertech Labs
This presentation will describe a project
funded by the Canadian Electrical Association. The objective was to
investigate inexpensive tools for detecting partial discharge inside
distribution cable accessories by measuring ultrasonic emissions.
- Subcommittee C - Cable
Systems
- 2:00 - 2:15
- Subcommittee Business Matters - Nagu N. Srinivas
- 2:15 - 2:40 - Automated
Maintenance of Cable Distribution Systems
Alexander Manishev, University of Washington
Abstract: (later)
- 2: 40 - 3:05 - Real Time
Monitoring of Power Cables by Fiber Optic Technologies
J.M. Braun, Kinectrics, Canada
Abstract: (later)
- 3:05 - 3:30
- Why Maintenance On Cables, To Spend
or To Save Money
W. Boone, Kema, Netherlands
Abstract: (later)
- 3:30 - 3:55 - Detection
of Low Level Signals in Solid Dielectric Cables
O. Morel, DTE Energy, U.S.A.
Abstract: (later)
- 3:55 - 4:15 -
Break
- 4:15 - 4:40 - Submarine
Cable Operations
N. Kelley, Pirelli Cables U.S.A.
Abstract: (later)
- 4:40 - 5:05 - Development
of DC XLPE Cable
Hideo Tanaka, Viscas Corporation, Japan
Abstract: (later)
- 5:05 - 5:30 -
Multi-Discipline 35 Kv Cable Failure Investigation
H. Orton, Consultant, Canada
Abstract: (later)
- Subcommittee D - Station,
Control and Utilization Cables - Thursday Morning
- 9:15 - 9:35 - Subcommittee Business - Brown and Merando
- 9:35 - 9:55 - IEEE 1202: A
Practical Demonstration of Full Scale Cable Flammability Testing
Richard Barker, General Cable and Tim Clancy, General Cable
Abstract: A step-by-step approach will be used
to illustrate the mechanics of performing a vertical cable tray flame test
in accordance with IEEE 1202-1991. In addition, a comparison will be made
between the IEEE 1202 and IEEE 383 flame test protocols highlighting
differences and key test parameters. Differences will be illustrated using
images taken from set-up and performance of actual cable tray testing.
Lastly, a real life fire situation will be used to illustrate and relate the
relevance of key parameters measured during an IEEE 1202 flame test to the
actual fire.
- 9:55 - 10:15 - Cable Design for PWM Variable-Speed AC Drives
Ettore J. Bartolucci, The Okonite Cable Company
Abstract: The advent of pulsewidth modulation (PWM) drives utilizing
insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) technology has made the selection
of the interconnecting power cable between the drive and load an important
decision. Motor bearing currents, reflected voltage wave, and
electromagnetic interference shielding have become areas of concern in the
PWM drive system. Based on the previous literature, a cable with a high
conductivity and continuously welded and corrugated aluminum sheath is most
advantageous. This paper emphasizes the worthiness of this type of armored
cable.
- 10:15 - 10:30 -
Coffee Break
- 10:30 - 10:50 - Selection of
Power Cables for PWM AC Adjustable Speed Drives
David A. Cooper, Southwire and Dave Mercier, Southwire
Abstract: This presentation identifies and
discusses the reliability issues associated with three-phase electric motors
controlled by constantly improving, fast-switching pulse-width modulated ac
adjustable-speed drives and the selection of the power supply cable. The
fast switching rates of PWM drives generate high frequency currents and
induced potentials on the motor, drive and interconnected equipment. This
leads to premature motor bearing failure and electrical interference to the
drive and nearby equipment. Research shows solutions related to the power
cable dictate a construction that must provide an effective electrostatic
shielding for isolation of the high frequency currents and potentials, and
an effective low impedance path to ground for draining canceling ground
currents. This paper presents an overview of the benefits and drawbacks of
typical National Electrical Code power cable constructions that help reduce
or eliminate the problems associated with PWM ac adjustable-speed drives.
- 10:50 - 11:20 -
Design and Optimization of EPR Low
Voltage Electrical Insulation
Raja Dhamarajan of Exxon-Mobil Chemicals and Robert F. DeMair and C. Zuidema, The Okonite Company
Abstract: Ethylene propylene copolymers
and terpolymers (EPR) have been traditionally used in both medium voltage
and low voltage insulation compounds. Performance attributes such as long
service life (30 + years), superior thermal stability at higher operating
temperatures, flexibility over a wide temperature range and water tree
resistance have contributed towards making EPR based insulation a product of
choice.
This paper addresses the selection of compounding
ingredients, and the optimization of these ingredients in a low voltage
formulation to satisfy specific end use requirements. A statistical
constrained mixture experimental design was used in which the design factors
were EPR polymer, calcined clay and paraffinic oil. Cure, compound physical,
heat aged, electrical and rheological properties of the design formulations
were measured and correlated with the design variables using mixture
regression models. Virtually all the measured properties showed excellent
correlation (R2 > 0.9). Comparison of experimental data with
model predictions also showed good agreement. Using the regression models,
optimization was carried out using an algorithm called d-optimal to select a
formulation that shows a balance of processability with cure mechanical and
electrical properties. The optimum formulation contains 41 wt. % polymer, 48
wt. % clay and 7 wt. % oil.
- 11:20 - 11:40 - Introduction to Silicone Gel
Technology for Use in Industrial Power Cable Connections
Rudy Bukovink and Sherif Kamel, Tyco
Abstract: Silicone gel has been used to
environmentally seal wire connections in the Telecom industry for over 18
years and is now gaining acceptance, for environmentally sealing power cable
joints, in both Power and
Industrial applications. This paper discusses fundamental aspects of
silicone gel technology such as chemical composition, method of manufacture
and gel physical properties. This paper will also compare design aspects of
sealing cable joints with gels to sealing cable joints with conventional
materials such as rubbers, mastics and greases.
- Transnational Luncheon
- Thursday
- Introduction and Welcome, Harry Orton, OCEI
- Calendar of International Events, Willem
Boone, KEMA
- Competitive Trends in the Wire and Cable Industry
Gordon Thursfield, Nexans
Abstract: The last
decade has seen tremendous progress made to enhance the performance and
reliability of wire and cable products. As a result, cable performance is at
a premium level in all markets, but particularly power utility, construction
and data communication. Unfortunately, these advances have been accompanied
by significant declines in profitability of the industry. Plant closures,
bankruptcies and industry rationalizations are prevalent in both wire and
cable manufacturers and the supporting infrastructure. Like much of the
total manufacturing base, North American and Western European wire and cable
manufacturers will face ever-increasing competition from Asia over the next
few years. The presentation challenges wire and cable and associated
industry engineers to play a key role in advancing the future profitability
of the wire and cable industry.
- Large Projects of EHV
Underground Cable Systems
P. Argaut (Sagem) on behalf of Pirelli,
Nexans, Brugg, nkt, ABB and Sagem
Abstract: European manufacturers have greatly contributed to the preparation
of many CIGRE recommendations and of IEC 62067 Standard, now accepted
worldwide. Several big projects of underground 400 kV cable systems have now
been or are being carried out by European manufacturers throughout the
world, based on these documents. This presentation summarizes this
experience developed by European Companies and gives some recommendations
for evolution of IEC 62067.
- Construction of 345kV XLPE Cable
Power Transmission Line in Taiwan
Hideo Tanaka, VISCAS Corporation
- Forensic Pathology of MV Splice Failures at Tiroler Wasserkraft AG
Wolfgang Haverkamp, Tyco Raychem, Germany
- Educational Program - Wednesday Afternoon:
High Voltage Cables
The fall 2003
Educational Program will feature “An Overview of High Voltage Extruded
Dielectric Cables”. Nigel Hampton, Borealis AB, Stenungsund, Sweden
will introduce the topic reviewing the state-of-the art and address HV cable
design and aging issues. John Cooper, Power Delivery Consultants, Inc. will
cover ampacity and sheath bonding (sheath voltages, link boxes, sheath surge
diverters). Henk Geene, Pirelli Cables and Systems N.V., will discuss HV
accessories (design, testing and installation recommendations). Axel
Schlumberger, Forte Power Systems will discuss the manufacture and design of
XLPE HV cables. Ted Nishioka, Arizona Public Service Company, will discuss the
installation of a 230kV solid dielectric cable underground lines installation
and Ray Awad will review Hydro Quebec’s experience with HV XLPE insulated
cables. Testing of HV extruded cable systems from a domestic and international
perspective will be covered by Willem Boone, KEMA.
Attendees will receive 4 PD hours. For
additional details on the presentations please refer to the abstracts and
biographies listed below and we look forward to seeing you at the spring ICC:
- HV XLPE Cables - Reviewing the
State of the Art; Design and Aging Issues
Nigel Hampton,
Borealis AB, Stenungsund, Sweden.
Abstract: The introduction of crosslinking processes
has permitted the continuous operating temperature of polymeric cables (XLPE &
EPR) to be increased to 90oC, equaling that of oil filled (LPOF &
HPOF) paper and polypropylene paper laminate (PPLP) cables. The use of XLPE as
the insulation for transmission cables has grown steadily since the early
1990’s. Today XLPE is the insulation system that is preferred to the
traditionally lapped insulation (paper or paper polypropylene laminate) oil
filled cables. The preference for XLPE cables has been due to the low
dielectric losses, simplicity of operation and the low environmental impacts
that can be achieved. However reductions in the size of cables significantly
assist the dissipation of heat, give longer dispatch lengths, reduce overall
system costs and improve the attractiveness of XLPE solutions. The
presentation will
-
Examine the status of installed systems
-
Discuss the importance of ageing in determining the design
-
Discuss some of the features that can influence the
electrical performance (short term and ageing) of XLPE HV cables
-
Present some issues that need to be considered in the future
- Ampacity and Sheath Bonding
John Cooper, Power Delivery Consultants, Inc.
Abstract: Ampacities of
extruded-dielectric cables are typically higher than those for paper-insulated
pipe-type or self-contained fluid-filled cables of the same conductor size
because of lower dielectric losses, and absence of losses caused by magnetic
effects of pipe-type cables. In addition, system considerations – charging
current, MVAR compensation, and load sharing – are superior to those for
paper-insulated systems. Duct installations – typically required in city
streets in the U.S.and commonly used overseas as well - cause ampacity
reductions of 10-15 percent versus direct-buried installations.
Extruded-dielectric cables are not amenable to hot-spot reductions the way
that high-pressure liquid-filled cables are, so avoiding – or at least
monitoring – potential hot spots is of great importance. Sheath bonding
methods – solid bonding, cross-bonding, multiple single-point bonding – have
large effects on cable ampacity and cable system operation.
This presentation will include the following topics:
- Brief discussion of ampacity principles
for extruded-dielectric cable systems
- Listing of major parameters that affect
cable ampacity, both steady-state and emergency
- Graphs and tables of effects of these
major parameters on ampacities
- Options for sheath bonding
- Effects of these options on ampacity,
sheath voltages, equipment requirements, and effects on parallel conductors
- HV Accessories, Design, Testing and Installation
Recommendations
Henk Geene, Pirelli Cables and Systems N.V.
Abstract: Since the introduction of HV extruded
cable systems, more than 25 Years ago, the related cable accessories underwent
significant changes. The first generation of accessories was characterized by
man-made installation techniques, like taping for joints and the use of
insulation oils in terminations. The newest generation accessories are fully
prefab and pre-tested, with limited use of insulating oil and gasses.
The presentation will address the following topics:
- Different accessory designs and
installation characteristics
- Testing of accessories
- Installation recommendations for
accessories
- HV XLPE Cable Manufacture and Design
Axel Schlumberger, Forte Power Systems
Abstract: High Voltage (HV)
XLPE insulated cables require state of the art design, materials and
manufacturing processes. We will discuss all components of HV cable, including
conductors, insulation systems, metallic screens / sheaths and outer
protection relative to industry standards, materials and manufacturing
processes in use today. Topics:
- Copper & Aluminum conductors, ASTM and
IEC standards, compressed, compact, segmental and other constructions
- XLPE insulation, conductor shield,
insulation and insulation shield compounds, review of different extrusion
processes, material handling, quality control methods and stress based
design criteria
- Use of tapes and their functions
regarding bedding, water blocking and electrical properties - Brief overview
of metallic screens and metallic sheaths, their application and selection
criteria
- Cable jacket materials and
semi-conductive outer layers for jacket integrity testing
- Cable standards and organizations
- Hydro Quebec Experience with HV XLPE Insulated Cables
Ray Awad, Senior HV Cable Engineer, TrasnsEnergie (A
Division of Hydro Québec)
Abstract: Hydro Quebec has been successfully using High Voltage XLPE
insulated cables in its vast 120 kV underground network since 1989. All new
installations in major cities, substations as well as power generating
stations use these polymeric cables. Some 70 new circuits (including some 56
in the Beauharnois power station) have been added to the network. These cables
have been also used at 230 kV level and more are planned for 315 kV. A new
generation of optimized design has been introduced in 2000. The cost of new
underground transmission lines has been decreased by some 27%. Maintenance
cost has been also reduced by 50%. Prequalification testing of XLPE cables
rated up to 400 kV have been carried out at Hydro Quebec research facilities
laboratories. Innovative techniques such as joint bays and plug in lightning
arrestors for sheath protection have been introduced.
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Rio Salado Project Phase Two: 230kV
Solid Dielectric Cable Underground Lines Installation
Ted Nishioka,
Arizona Public Service Company
Abstract: The City of
Tempe, requested two circuits of existing 230kV overhead lines installation
be converted to underground near the Tempe Town Lake area so that they would
be able to construct their Performing Arts Building. This presentation
will discuss the engineering design and installation of an additional 6100
circuit feet each of 230kV solid dielectric cable circuits that extends from
each of our other two original 4000 circuit feet installation.
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Testing of HV Extruded Cable Systems, A
Necessary Step to Achieve System Reliability
Willem Boone, KEMA
Abstract: In this
presentation attention will be paid to different types of testing with a view
to the related purpose:
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To check
if the cable is well designed
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To check
if the cable is well produced
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To check
if the cable system is well installed
-
To check
if the cable system behaves reliably during operation
Different methods of testing will be discussed, both from an
international perspective and according to US standards, in particular to
accomplish system reliability efficiently. Finally
future trends and related new developments will be discussed.
Biographical Sketches - Educational
Program Presenters
- Nigel Hampton, Borealis AB, Stenungsund, Sweden.
Nigel Hampton is the Application Manager for Power Cables, based at the
Marketing & Development Centre in Stenungsund Sweden. He studied Physics at
The University of Bath UK, gaining BSc & PhD degrees. He also gained an MSc in
Polymer Engineering from Manchester Polytechnic. Nigel worked for 13 years in
the Research, Development and Quality Control functions of the cable makers
BICC, BICC General & Pirelli. Throughout his career in the cable industry he
has specialized in Power Cables from 11 to 400kV. He is the author of more
than 20 technical papers concerning the research and engineering associated
with practical Power Cable solutions.
- John Cooper, Power Delivery
Consultants, Inc.
John Cooper received a BS in Electrical Engineering from Texas A&M
University in 1967, and a Master of Science in Electrical Engineering from the
University of Pittsburgh in 1968. He worked for Westinghouse during the first
20 years of his career where he was an engineer and later manager of the Waltz
Mill Underground Transmission Test Facility. Mr. Cooper presently is a
consultant to electric utilities on the design, specification, and
installation of underground transmission cable systems. He has worked with
utilities in all areas of cable projects ranging from feasibility studies, to
field construction inspection, and final acceptance testing of cable systems.
He was author for two chapters of EPRI's Underground Transmission Systems
Reference Book - Cable Testing and Utility System Considerations. Mr. Cooper
is a Fellow Member of the IEEE Power Engineering Society and past chairman of
the Cable Systems Subcommittee. He is a registered Professional Engineer in
the states of Pennsylvania, New Mexico, and Texas
- Henk Geene, Pirelli Cables and
Systems N.V.
After graduation from the Technical University in Eindhven in the Netherlands,
Henk Geene started his professional career in 1988 at NKF Cable in the
Netherlands, later known as NK cables. He started his profession as a
development engineer and contributed to the development of HV and EHV cable
accessories. In 1992 he became the head of product development. Nowadays, he
is responsible for the product management and sales of the HV and EHV
Click-Fit cable accessories in the Pirelli group. In
the field of standardization and other working group activities, Henk Geene
has been member of IEC WG16 on HV cable systems and as Cigre member, chairman
of taskforces on HV cable accessories, design and testing.
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Axel
Schlumberger, Forte Power Systems
Axel Schulmberger is a graduate of Karlsruhe
University, Germany, with an M.S. degree in Electric Energy Systems and Power
Apparatus. Before joining Southwire’s Forte Power
Systems subsidiary in 1997 as Technical Marketing Manager, Axel worked for
Cortaillod Cossonay Cables in Switzerland. There, he was a Sales and Project
Manager active in Export markets in the Middle East and South East Asia.
Having worked in the field of Underground Transmission Cables all
of his career, he now is the General Manager of
Forte Power Systems. Axel is a member of the IEEE Power Engineering Society
and CIGRE.
-
Ted Nishioka,
Arizona Public Service Company.
Ted Nishioka graduated with a Bachelor of Science in Electrical Engineering
from California Polytechnic State University at San Luis Obispo, California in
1970. He is an Army veteran. Mr. Nishioka joined Arizona Public Service
Company in 1978 as an underground transmission design engineer and
is currently a Senior Electrical Engineer in this position. He is a member of
the IEEE Power Engineers Society, the Electrical Insulation Society, the
Insulated Conductors Committee (ICC), and the Association of Edison
Illuminating Companies (AEIC).
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Ray Awad,
Hydro Quebec
Ray Awad graduated with a B.Sc. in Electrical Engineering from Cairo
University in 1966 and M aster of Engineering from Concordia University,
Montreal, Canada in 1973. He was employed for two years (1966-1968) for
Electro-Cables Egypt. Ray later worked for Pirelli Cables, Canada (1969-1979)
and joined Hydro Québec in 1979. Ray is currently the senior HV cable Engineer
with TrasnsEnergie, a division of Hydro Québec.
-
Willem Boone MSc,
KEMA
Willem Boone obtained his Masters Degree in Electrical Engineering from Delft
University of Technology in The Netherlands in 1961 and has almost forty years
of experience with KEMA in the field of underground Electrical Power
Transmission and Distribution. Mr. Boone is recognized world-wide as an
expert in power cables, and he has made a significant contribution to the
development of testing methods and related international standards for the
electrical cable industry. He was an active member of the International
Electrotechnical Committee for about 20 years. He is now the manager of KEMA
Diagnostic Services in the USA, offering cable testing and related services to
the utility customers. He is a member of CIGRE Study Committee B1 HV cables
and chairman of CIGRE WG B1-04 Maintenance. He is an active member of the
Insulated Conductors committee of the IEEE as vice chair of WG C19W preparing
a new guide for PD field testing of power cables and as vice chair of the
Trans National Lunch.
